Мероприятия Повышению Энергоэффективности

Пока страны-члены ООН в рамках СОР22 в г. Марракеш (Марокко) уточняют свои намерения по поводу объемов сокращения выбросов парниковых газов, представители финансового мира формируют центры климатических финансов.
Казалось бы, что вопросом изменения климата должны активно заниматься представители экологических организаций. Однако если посчитать стоимость мероприятий, направленных на сокращение выбросов парниковых газов и сохранение темпов глобального потепления в пределах 2 градусов Цельсия, то мы получим сумму, которая превышает $100 трлн. Это средства, которые нужно аккумулировать до 2030 г. Иными словами, каждый год нам нужно тратить около $8 трлн. за счет фискальных и рыночных финансовых инструментов. Именно поэтому данная проблема переходит в сферу ответственности финансовых институтов, информируют Экономические Известия.
Главный вопрос, который сегодня стоит перед мировым сообществом, связан с необходимостью выбрать между налоговым и рыночными инструментами для аккумуляции необходимых объемов климатических финансов (или разработать эффективный микс). И если налоги являются наиболее эффективным инструментом, то рыночные возможности значительно больше и позволяют привлечь с финансового рынка необходимый объем ресурсов.
Для Украины этот вопрос также важен, поскольку, по подсчетам немецкой компании DIW Econ, нашей стране нужно около $200 млрд., чтобы сделать нашу экономику «зеленой». Один из способов — это увеличить ставку существующего экологического налога или ввести углеродный налог на уровне минимум $1.
День «климатических финансов»
В связи с этим символической выглядит встреча представителей финансового мира в день вступления в силу Парижского климатического соглашения — 4 ноября 2016 г. Целью данной встречи было согласование методов и инструментов финансирования проектов, направленных на сокращение выбросов парниковых газов после СОР 22.
Важной особенностью данной встречи был тот факт, что инициатором ее проведения была организация «Париж — европейская площадка», преобразованная после СОР21 в платформу по климатическим финансам и устойчивого развития. Данная платформа была инициирована руководством г. Париж и объединяет усилия национальных и международных финансовых институтов с целью создания центра климатических финансов. О важности данной платформы свидетельствует тот факт, что только в 2015 г. здесь было аккумулировано более $700 млрд. «ответственных инвестиций», а г. Париж занял второе место по количеству выпущенных «зеленых облигаций».
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